![]() ![]() ![]() Sanders, Lankenau, Jackson-Bloom, and Hathazi, 2008). Lankenau et al., 2007) and polydrug or multiple drug use (e.g. Similar studies are needed of the relatively novel topics that have emerged in research about substance abuse 1 such as nonmedical prescription drug use (e.g. In recent years, qualitative studies about gang youth have examined the significance of cannabis ( MacKenzie, Hunt, and Joe-Laidler, 2005), the relationship between substance use and violence ( Valdez, Kaplan, and Cepeda, 2006), the connection between using and selling drugs ( Valdez and Sifaneck, 2004), and substance use amongst female gang youth ( Cepeda and Valdez, 2003 Miller, 2001). Qualitative studies have identified the significance of substance use in the lives of gang youth and contextualized the interrelationship between substance use, violence, and unsafe sexual behaviors. As with crime and violence, quantitative research has found that gang youth are more likely to report drug and alcohol use compared to their nongang peers (see Sanders and Lankenau, 2006 for a review). Studies on youth gangs have a long tradition of using quantitative and qualitative methodology to examine behaviors such as crime and drug use associated with these groups ( Bursik and Grasmick, 1995 Hughes, 2005). ![]()
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